BIOFIRE FLU TEST MANUAL

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may have been enhanced by spread from asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic individuals, as opposed to SARS-CoV and MERS where patients tended to be sicker and less mobile, thus resulting in a higher basic reproduction number (R 0) for SARS-CoV-2 ( 3– 6). COVID-19 represents the third major spill-over of a coronavirus from animals to humans during the last two decades ( 2), with greater global impact than the previous coronavirus outbreaks in 2003 (SARS-CoV) and 2012–20 (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/MERS-CoV). Access to scalable diagnostic tools and continued technologic advances, including machine learning and smartphone integration, will facilitate control of the current pandemic as well as preparedness for the next one.Ĭoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ( 1), has dominated the attention of clinicians, researchers, policymakers and communities worldwide. Strategies to further optimize safety, speed, and ease of SARS-CoV-2 testing without compromising accuracy are suggested. We herein provide a comprehensive review of currently available COVID-19 diagnostics, exploring their pros and cons as well as appropriate indications. The ever-expanding assortment of tests, with varying clinical utility, performance requirements, and limitations, merits comparative evaluation. While sequencing is important to monitor on-going evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, antibody assays are useful for epidemiologic purposes. Alternatives to RT-PCR assay, such as other RNA detection methods and antigen tests may be appropriate for certain situations, such as resource-limited settings. Several sample-to-answer platforms, including high-throughput systems and Point of Care (PoC) assays, have been developed to increase testing capacity and decrease technical errors. Thus, clinical presentation, contact history and contemporary phyloepidemiology must be considered when interpreting results.

BIOFIRE FLU TEST MANUAL

NAAT may give false-negative results due to timing of sample collection relative to infection, improper sampling of respiratory specimens, inadequate preservation of samples, and technical limitations false-positives may occur due to technical errors, particularly contamination during the manual real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) process. Confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection is typically by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), which requires specialized equipment and training and may be particularly challenging in resource-limited settings. Laboratory testing may be performed based on symptomatic presentation or for screening of asymptomatic people. Rapid and accurate diagnostic tests are imperative for identifying and managing infected individuals, contact tracing, epidemiologic characterization, and public health decision making.

4National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United Statesĭiagnostic testing plays a critical role in addressing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

3National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

2National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.1Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Disease (INA-RESPOND), Jakarta, Indonesia.The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.Yan Mardian 1 Herman Kosasih 1 * Muhammad Karyana 1,2 Aaron Neal 3 Chuen-Yen Lau 4 If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

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